Surf these sites: "A Short History of Tunneling" -- A little bit of history is included in this course not to demonstrate how clever we are, or to enable you to quote a few dates at dinner parties, but because it is possible to learn from history how mistakes were made and how difficulties were overcome. This makes the complex world of tunnelling today a little easier to understand. "Faster and More Accurate Test Results Helps Improve Quality and Performance of Construction, Industrial and Agricultural Equipment" -- Case history of Vermeer''s use of Somat''s electronic data acquisition system. "Field Manufacture and Application of Reinforced" -- A process and machine has been developed which mixes and assembles raw materials (plastic components and reinforcing fabric) at the job site and applies this composite to the surface of a canal, ditch, pipe or other surface. As the plastic cures it adheres to the underlying surface and creates a reinforced lining product. The plastic used can be formulated to fit the requirements of the particular situation. The lining is durable, water tight, and does not have to be earth covered. The lining can be laid in continuous overlapping strips. The strips can be across large canals, or along the length of small canals. Deteriorating pipelines can be lined using an inflatable bladder surrounded by the plastic composite. The assembly is pulled through an existing pipe, then inflated and held until the lining cures. This process has been field tested using several different plastic and fabric combinations. Testing and development are continuing and the patented process is near commercialization. "Hidden Infrastructure" (Article in Nordicum, a Scandanavian Business Magazine) -- A wide network of pipelines for water supply and sewage is an essential part of every city and industrial complex. "This ‘hidden infrastructure’ is all too often forgotten even in Finland and Sweden, not to mention the Baltic countries or Russia, where pipelines are usually older," says Sakari Kuikka, CEO of Painehuuhtelu Oy PTV, a Finnish-based company specializing in high-pressure cleaning, pipeline TV inspection and other data collection. This high technology is used to determine the condition of pipelines and select the right renovation method for them. "MWRA Board of Directors approves local water infrastructure rehabilitation assistance program" -- The Board of Directors of the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) has approved a $30 million, two-year pilot program designed to financially assist MWRA communities in rehabilitating their local water infrastructure systems. The program is structured as a 25 percent grant/75 percent interest-free loan financing package. While water infrastructure rehabilitation programs are underway in many communities, there is a large number of backlogged projects due to competing demands for municipal funding. Recent estimates show over $1 billion is needed for water infrastructure projects in MWRA water communities. "New Pipes for Old Streets" -- The 1930 gas line along the Via di Borgo S. Spirito which leads to St. Peter''s Church, was decrepit and in need of urgent renewal. The conventional rehabilitation methods would have involved closing off roads for days on end - not to mention the loud, nerve-wrecking construction work. Plus the fact, the historic street cobbles would have fallen victim to the diggers and pneumatic drills - and that was to be avoided at all cost. So the planners at ITALGAS, the gas supply company, looked for alternatives. They finally found one in the U-Liner technology. "Tough, flexible pipe liners enable trenchless repair of aging sewers" -- The "fold-and-form" version of no-dig technology uses a thermoplastic pipe liner that is pulled through the pipe sections needing repair. The extruded pipe liner is folded so that it will slip through the pipe. Then it is heated and pressure-formed to snugly fit against the inside wall of the orignal pipe. "Trenchless Methods Avoid Messy Digging" -- There''s a quiet revolution going on, though. More and more of the utility excavations that cause this year''s detours (and next year''s potholes) are being avoided by "trenchless" methods that can inspect and repair failing underground utilities or install new ones without the need for open trenching. Some of the techniques, like pipe jacking and televising of sewers, have been around for years, but trenchless applications such as pipe lining and replacement, robotic repairs, and sophisticated small-diameter tunneling are making great gains. "Trenchless technology making water line replacement, repair much easier and less costly" -- Article from U.S. Water News Underground construction spending in the U.S. has reached almost $17 billion annually and is growing at twice the rate of the non-residential construction industry. In addition, scores of manufacturing, contracting, and engineering companies with special expertise in underground techniques are growing rapidly -- often over 40 percent annually -- and are increasingly becoming merger or acquisition targets. So what is putting all this sizzle in an industry that has not exactly been known for its razzle-dazzle? The answer is that now underground construction capabilities, grouped under the heading of "trenchless construction," enable contractors to lay, rehabilitate, and upgrade pipe and cable without digging open trenches. Aside from the obvious aesthetic benefits, trenchless methods are finding applications that would have been unthinkable even a few years ago. In the process, it''s saving significant amounts in construction, labor, and restoration costs, eliminating the frustrations and delays often associated with the older open trench technology and even enabling multi-year projects to come in on-time, on-budget and, often times, under-budget. ADB99-04 Pipeline Safety Advisory Bulletin: Directional Drilling -- RSPA is issuing this advisory bulletin to owners and operators operators of natural gas and hazardous liquid pipeline systems to advise them to review, and amend if necessary, their written damage prevention program to minimize the risks associated with directional drilling and other trenchless technology operations near buried pipelines. This action follows several pipeline incidents involving trenchless technology operations which resulted in loss of life, injuries, and significant property damage. It also corresponds to National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Safety Recommendation P-99- 1, which suggests that RSPA * * * ensure that the operators'' damage prevention programs include actions to protect their facilities when directional drilling operations are conducted in proximity to those facilities. This advisory bulletin emphasizes the importance of having procedures to mitigate the risks of directional drilling and other trenchless technology. Analysis of Thermoplastics Used in Fold-and-Form Pipe Liners -- The objective of this paper is to relate plastic material properties to installation and performance properties of pipeline rehabilitation materials. The work will concentrate on plastics used in the area of fold-and-form or deform/reformed pipe liner. These plastics include polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), PVC modified with DuPont Elvaloy(R) (modified PVC), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Analysis of Thermoplastics Used in Fold-and-Form Pipe Liners (April, 1998) -- The objective of this paper is to relate plastic material properties to installation and performance properties of pipeline rehabilitation materials. The work will concentrate on plastics used in the area of fold-and-form or deform/reformed pipe liner. These plastics include polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), PVC modified with DuPont Elvaloy(R) (modified PVC), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Application of Simulation in Trenchless Renewal of Underground Urban Infrastructure -- Pipe bursting is a type a of trenchless technology that enables the construction, rehabilitation, or replacement of underground urban infrastructure with minimal disruption to surface activity. This construction process facilitates the installation of sewer pipes and gas mains of similar or larger diameters at the same location as existing lines. The upsizing capability is particularly relevant in situations where greater flow capacities are required due to increased urbanization. This paper presents an application of a simulation platform developed at the University of Alberta called Simphony, used to create a special purpose simulation application of the pipe bursting process. Results obtained from this model can assist owners, engineers, contractors, and equipment manufacturers in designing and planning pipe bursting projects. Article: L.J. Keefe Conquers Squeezing Clays for Relief Sewer. (Trenchless Technology, 12/95) -- The City of Evanston, Ill. Department of Public Works is in the middle of a Long-Range Sewer Improvement Project. The 12 year, 10-phase project is designed as a flood relief project for the northern Chicago suburb. The project is about half-completed and currently has $70 million of contract work underway, according to David Barber, director of public works, City of Evanston. BAI Projects - New St. James Avenue Interceptor -- Project Overview highlighting trenchless technology methods used. Bergen County Utilities Authority Inflow and Infiltration Information -- Website contains: Fact Sheets regarding "Sources of I/I," "Sewer operations and Maintenance," "Sewer Rehabilitation," as well as sample forms used by the city (in PDF format). Bibliographical Directional Drilling References -- NASTT Directional Drilling Committee : Information is being collected on guidelines and specifications for directional drilling. Please review and email with any information on additional guidelines and specifications that should be included. Provides a good list of Directional Drilling publications. Boring Hard Rock With Small to Mid-Size Directional Rigs -- Horizontal directionally drilled installations in hard rock have been feasible since about 1988. While previously completed with large boring rigs, advancements in drilling tools, practices, and boring machines have expanded this market application to small and midsize rigs. Boring? No Way! Why Trenchless Technology has the Industry Excited -- Construction Equipment Distribution; January 1996 By going under, these relatively new products are going over big with dealers, manufacturers and contractors. Cable Contractor Tests Duct Alternative -- Manufacturer experimenting with a new joint system that would hold pull apart forces much greater than the "glue and screw" method. The manufacturer, Carlon (CTS), is continually looking for ways to improve their products. For several months their engineers have been experimenting with a new joint concept that promises a significant enhancement in pull apart resistance on their "Bore-Gard" product. Case History: A Pipeline To the Future -- This case history spotlights an Ultraliner licensed installer, Tri-State Utilities, and their installation of Ultraliner PVC Alloy Pipeliner in Portsmouth, Virginia. Cellular Grouts for Sliplining -- Interest in using sliplining for large diameter (>90 inches) pipe rehabilitation is on the increase. Hence large volumes of grout materials with good working properties and mechanical properties is needed. Since large amount of grout is needed, the material composition must be optimized to reduce cost and heat of hydration. Hence, the use of fly ash was investigated in this study. Up to 50% of fly ash was used as replacement for cement. A series of mechanical and chemical tests are being performed on grouts with unit weights varying from 43 to 55 pcf. Chairman "Mo" [China Light and Power] Admires New Trenchless Technology -- On 22 July, accompanied by CLP Power Managing Director Michael Price, CLP Power Chairman William Mocatta and CLP Holdings Director Rudolf Bischof went on a fact-finding tour to North Region. They also inspected our project in Taipo where the trenchless duct laying technology is used. City Trees--The Journal of The Society of Municipal Arborists -- Society of Municipal Arborists (SMA) publishes City Trees, a professional journal where SMA publishes results of research in arboriculture, reports experiences of colleagues in municipal arboriculture, and offers help with problems of urban trees. Artcle discusses the advantages of tunneling in regards to limiting damage to trees. Commitment to Trenchless in Western Australia -- After years in the open cut business, Fremantle Drainage decided to change tack and invest in no-dig technology. "Knowing trench work as we do, I had often thought there must be a better way," said Sean Furey, co-owner with brother Steve of Fremantle Drainage Co, and director with partner Graeme Bone of Fremantle Boring Co. "Before investing in more heavy duty trenching equipment we decided to investigate the market and set up a no-dig division." The decision has been more successful than could ever expected. The company bought its first machine, a Soltau RVS80, in September 1997 and expects to take delivery of a second in May 1998. The first machine has installed 1,000 m of work already. It is working on a current 1,000 m project and there is another 1,000 m scheme to do next and the company says it just can not keep up with the calls and enquiries. EPSRC-supported project: On-Line Monitoring of Drilling Cuttings Transport Using Resistivity Tomography -- During oil well drilling operations a drilling fluid, known as mud, is pumped down the frill pipe, past the drill bit ad back up the bore hole. Amongst the many functions of the drilling mud is the removal of rock cuttings, produced at the base of the well, to the surface. On-line measurement of the drilling cuttings volumetric flow rate at the well-head will indicate the rate at which material is being removed from the bore hole. The volumetric flow rate of drilling cuttings at the surface should correspond to the rate at which the well is being drilled. If the cuttings flow rate at the surface falls below the expected value this indicates that cuttings were beginning to build up around the head of the drilling assembly - which could ultimately lead tot he expensive assembly becoming such in the hole. It is proposed to design a technology to measure both the local volume fraction distribution of the drilling cuttings and their local axial velocity distribution using a novel dual-plane multiphase mixture. EPSRC-supported project: Structural Stability of Thermoplastic Pipe Linings For The Transport of Hydrocarbons -- The project aims to evaluate the fundamental criteria governing the stuctural performance of thermoplastic pipe linings proposed for the corrosion protection of high pressure steel pipes for the transport of raw well head fluids for the oil and gas industries. In this respect it has been identified that two possibly ctritical conditions occur at depressurisation. Firstly, differential temperature expansion and gas absorption can cause the lining to buckle longitudinally at a weld bead. Initial mathematical investigations have identifed an imperfection sensitive elastoplastic mode of failure. Fact Sheets regarding Microtunneling, Directional Drilling, and Sliplining -- Developed by the Northwest Chapter of NASTT GASTEC: Qualital supports pipe rehabilitation management -- A gas distribution company invests a great deal of money in the quality and safety of its network. Whether asbestos cement, cast iron, steel, PVC or PE is used, each material ages and sooner or later pipes have to be replaced or renovated. The proper timing of that moment can yield considerable cost savings. Gastec has developed the software program Qualital, a tool that helps take the right rehabilitation decision at the right moment. Glossary of Trenchless Technology -- NASTT Glossary of terms Horizontal Drilling is Far From Boring in West Des Moines, Iowa -- Residents, commuters and officials at the West Des Moines Water Works were all smiles during a unique and innovative water main replacement project. Stanley Consultants, Inc. assisted city officials in replacing over 3,300 feet of water main using trenchless technology. ISTT Glossary of Trenchless Technology Terms -- ISTT Glossary of Trenchless Technology Terms at the Digging-Deep web site. International Tunnelling Association Glossary -- The ITA, in accordance with its aim of improving the communication among its Members and, more generally, among the various professionals involved in the underground construction, has decided to start the implementation of a glossary on underground works. This is the very first step of this glossary. It has been established with the cooperation of the Working Groups of the ITA and from various other materials. Introduction to Horizontal Directional Drilling -- This page has been produced as an introduction to the use of Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) for the installation, replacement and renovation of underground utility services. Introduction to Trenchless Technology -- ISTT prepared document produced as an introduction to the use of Trenchless Technology for the installation, replacement and renovation of underground utility services. Dealing with a recently developed technology, which is advancing rapidly, it is intended as a first source of reference, and does not presume to cover the application of all available techniques. June 1999: Canada well represented at No Dig ''99 -- Report by Steve Davey, President, ES&E which contains estimates of sewer up-grade costs in Canada. "Underground pipe maintenance is a huge expense, according to Bob Woodhouse, of CH2M Hill, with a 250 ft. length costing on average $50,000.00 over 50 years. Sunil Sinha, of the University of Waterloo, estimated that the total cost to simply upgrade Canada''s sewers is a staggering $45 billion." LGA: Rehabilitation of sewerage systems (research in Germany) -- Rehabilitation of sewerage systems research by LGA laboratories in Germany. Long-Term Moduli Values of Pipeliner Materials (April 20th, 1999) -- Thermoplastics and thermosetting resins, although viscoelastic in nature, demonstrate differing molecular stability. The creep and aging relationship are different for each resin group and within resin groups. The installation environment and stress/strain relationships impact the resin groups in different fashions. Testing procedures should be developed that clearly represent the in-ground performance mode for acceptable and meaningful results. Testing, which simulates in-ground performance needs, can provide acceptable design values. The use of non-supported test specimens or the commingling of structurally supported and non-supported test specimens do not provide correct scientific results for the understanding of in-ground performance or design thereof. Microtunneling, What Is Trenchless Technology Anyway? -- Question: Microtunneling, utility tunneling, pipe jacking, auger boring, trenchless technology what do these terms have in common? Answer: None of them have a single definition on which everyone agrees. Ask two individuals involved in trenchless technology what microtunneling is and you will get two different answers. Minimizing Sanitary Collection System Overflows -- List of actions municipalities can take to minimize collection system overflows. NASTT Scholarship -- The North American Society for Trenchless Technology (NASTT) is pleased to announce the availability of a Post Graduate Scholarship in engineering. NASTT is a multi-sector, non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the development and appropriate use of Trenchless Technologies for the evaluation, repair and construction of underground infrastructure. The Society has established a research scholarship to be awarded annually to a student whose research will best advance the development and application of Trenchless Technology. The scholarship will provide funding in the amount of $15,000 (U.S.) over a twelve month period. Northern Light Search: Underground Construction Magazine -- Documents related to trenchless technology which were published by Underground Construction Magazine and which are available for purchase from Northern Light. On Site Production of Reinforced Plastic Pipe and Other Components -- Reinforced plastic pipe has traditionally been made in a factory, then shipped and installed at a particular site. There have been some advantages to this process, and this has simply been the way things were done. The user, architect, or engineer decided the thickness or size needed, then contacted a dealer who took the material from inventory or arranged for shipment from the factory. At the site the pre-fabricated material was cut, joined, seamed, placed, laid, and assembled as necessary. There''s a new way to do it! The factory can now be taken to the field, particularly to places where pre-made products are really not needed or necessary. A process is available to turn raw materials into finished pipe at the job site. Existing deteriorating pipe can be given a new reinforced plastic lining and new life. The product produced can also be used for lining canals, ditches, and landfills. It can be used for manufacturing roofing, swimming pools, building blocks, and a multitude of other items. The process has been named the Mobile Reaction Extrusion Process (M-REP).and has been developed by the Innovative Process Corporation (IPC) headquartered in Denver with research facilities in Billings, Montana. The process and key components are patented (Numbers 4,872,784 4,955,759 4,955,760 5,049,006 5,062,740, others pending). Oxford University Pipe Jacking Publications -- Bibliogrpahic list of papers related to pipe jacking and microtunneling available for Oxford University. Partnership for the Advancement of Infrastructure and Its Renewal through Innovative Technologies (PAIR) White Paper -- PAIR is conceived as an umbrella organization of existing and future government, private sector, and academic programs to develop innovative products and practices. The Partnership’s scope, our national infrastructure, encompasses transport, water, sewerage, waste management, energy, and communications systems. Industry and government leaders in all of these areas are participating in PAIR as colleagues in a unique partnership. This paper presents the evolving vision, objectives, participants, and potentially valuable initiatives and resources these initiatives may entail. Pasadena Uses New Technology to Save Time, Money, on Sewer Main -- When a concrete sewer main burst and caved in on a busy street in the winter of 1993, officials with the City of Pasadena (south of Houston) felt that a long and expensive repair job may be needed. The use of an innovative method that places a new replacement pipe inside existing mains saved time and money. Pipe Bursting Integral To Base Rehab Project -- A pneumatic pipe bursting system saved time and money during repair of pipeline infrastructure at McChord Air Force Base. Replacement of an aging pipeline at McChord Air Force Base (AFB), Tacoma, Washington, was made simple when Seattle-based Pape & Sons Construction used a pneumatic pipe bursting system to repair failing concrete sewer pipe. Pipe Bursting: Plastic Distributor & Fabricator -- Abstract of an article within Plastic Distributor & Fabricator magazine regarding the trenchless technology market and pipe bursting. Pipeline Technology: Trenchless Technology -- The trenchless technology employs the 400-horsepower Wolfe 400 HDX 3406 Caterpillar engine to plough in two-, three- or four-inch pipeline to depths of up to six feet. Initially designed by Wolfe Manufacturing of Melbourne, Ontario, to relieve excess moisture on cropland, Art''s modified the pipe chute to fit applications for the oil and gas industry. Planning Directional Boring Projects in Rock -- Directional drilling in rock formations can alter normal project planning considerations significantly from typical soft formation bores due to increases in job duration, downhole equipment costs, surface equipment requirements and possibly rig size. Accurate pre-planning can be the key to successful and efficient project completion. Press Release - Trenchless Zones Pioneer Roadworks of the Future -- Staffordshire County Council and Midlands Electricity have joined forces to experiment with a technique that could dramatically reduce disturbance caused by roadworks on the County''s highways. They are setting up two Trenchless Zones - in the urban areas of Biddulph and Burntwood - where new techniques for burying underground cables or pipes without digging up the road will be used. Project Profile #255: Demonstration of Innovative Water Main Renewal Techniques -- Review of document and order information. Currently, the majority of water main renewal in North America is done using open-cut methods. Though prominent, open-cut methods create considerable inconveniences to the customers, businesses, residences, and traffic in the area. In some cases these inconveniences are also very costly. As a result, the use of trenchless technologies have attracted the attention of water utilities as an alternative to open-cut methods. Rehabilitation Trenchless Terms -- NASTT Glossary of terms at the NRC web site Review: -- Trenchless Installation of Conduits Beneath Roadways, NCHRP Synthesis 242 by Tom Iseley and Sanjiv Gokhale (Transportation Research Board, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20418) (1997) [TE 7.N36#242] Page contains extensive summary of document contents. SMP -- High Pressure Liners Research Project -- Research project sponsored by the IGT Sustaining Membership Program [SMP]. Cured-in-place liners are a family of trenchless pipe rehabilitation methods that can seal existing pipe leaks and prevent future leakage due to corrosion, joint failure, or third-party damage. The high-pressure liner (HPL) system will utilize a woven elastomer jacket coated on one side with an extruded elastomer coating. It will be adhered with epoxy adhesive, under pressure, to the inside of the pipeline to be rehabilitated. The woven jacket provides structural strength to the liner, while the coating acts as a natural gas barrier preventing the escape of gas through the liner. Sanitary Sewer Rehabilitation -- Whenever there is a human settlement, wastewater becomes an inevitable byproduct. The quality and quantity of the wastewater produced in a community depends on the population and the daily activities of the community. These activities are dynamic and greatly influenced by the lifestyles and technologies available to residents of a community. Wastewater is a heterogeneous mixture of water and various types of waste from residential areas, commercial and industrial facilities, and institutions. Communities all over the United States have established networks of sanitary sewer collection systems to transport wastewater to treatment facilities. Treated wastewater is discharged into surface water systems such as lakes, rivers and oceans. Selection Method for Trenchless Technologies -- Trenchless technologies offer contractors and end users (primarily municipalities) a broad spectrum of tools from which to select when installing or rehabilitating underground infrastructure. Due to the large and expanding number of trenchless methods available, the decision as to which tool to use for any given underground infrastructure problem is no longer trivial. Trenchless methods allow inspection, access, repair, expansion, upgrade and installation of most underground infrastructure systems with minimum surface disruption. The tools that trenchless technologies offer range from robots to microtunnelling and from closed-circuit television to cured in-place lining. Each tool has its proper application. Inappropriate selection of trenchless tools can lead to inferior performance of the infrastructure system and poor cost-benefit ratios for the investment. This paper presents a paradigm that provides the user an efficient synthesis of needs and methods that can be of use when selecting trenchless construction tools specifically for the repair or upgrade of underground gravity-driven-hydraulic systems. Sewage Leakage - Detection & Cures by Mike Jones -- This project examines the topic of sewer survey and rehabilitation from the perspective of leaking sewers. It is divided into four sections, Background, Identification, Cures and Recommendations, and uses tables to list techniques and costs. Case studies are listed in the Appendices. Sewer Lining with Insituform -- Every year, the city of Wheaton, Illinois'' sewer division of the Public Works Department televises miles of sewer lines looking for damaged pipes that need replacing. Such damage may include crumbling sections of pipe or cracks and loose joints where groundwater is leaking into the sewer system. It is important limit groundwater infiltration, because everything disposed of through the sanitary sewer system is processed at treatment facilities and groundwater does not need to be treated. In the past, it was necessary to excavate the damaged portion of the sewer to make repairs. The city now uses Insituform''s sewer lining process to repair damaged sewers with minimal disruption to traffic. Social costs of road work, September 25, 1997 -- The Centre for the Advancement of Trenchless Technologies at the University of Waterloo is breaking new ground -- but not with just a drill or a backhoe. In a move that CATT executive director Prof. Rob McKim admits is "a departure for an engineering department," the centre is studying the social costs of digging up roads to repair pipes and cables. Synthesis of Highway Practice 242: Trenchless Installation of Conduits Beneath Roadways -- TranSafety''s journal for road engineering, management and operations professionals has reproduced an extensive summary of this document. The complete report is available from TranSafety, Inc. for $22 plus $4 shipping and handling. It is 82 pages in length and was published in 1997 by National Academy Press.) The Canada Infrastructure Works Program -- It is no secret that despite the $6 billion Canada Infrastructure Works program, Canadian municipal governments still live with a massive infrastructure deficit. At least it is not a secret to anyone who regularly pulls a chair up to a municipal council table. The question is, is this infrastructure deficit still a secret to those with their hands on the purse strings? Meanwhile, many municipal governments seeking innovative solutions to the problem of underground infrastructure decay are turning to trenchless technology. To help municipal leaders understand its potential and implications, the Canadian Association of Municipal Administrators (CAMA) made it the focus of the second edition of Municipal Innovations, included in this issue of Forum. This feature concentrates specifically on "Trenchless Technology Solutions", sparked by the winning project of the 1996 Royal Bank CAMA Willis Award for Innovation. The winner was the City of Waterloo for its participation in the Centre for the Advancement of Trenchless Technology (CATT). The Engineered Selection of PVC Pipeliner Materials (April, 1999) -- This paper outlines the appropriate selection of the material characteristics which affect quality assurance, the window of field installability, as well as the structural capacity of PVC pipeliner materials. Special focus will be placed upon the engineering requirements which differ from traditional "direct burial" design. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the unique material behaviors which are necessary for the desired performance as a trenchless pipeliner. The goal is to help design engineers and inspectors to better understand the performance issues associated with PVC pipeliners. The U.S. Water Report -- This study represents one of the most important initiatives addressing the operational future of the U.S. water industry. The U.S. Water Report examines in detail the challenges and solutions of an antiquated infrastructure coping with increased demand and regulation, reduced funding, and foreign competition regardless of public and/or private ownership. Presented as an executive briefing, The U.S. Water Report is being prepared for industry, government, financial and investment markets, and leading user groups. Government estimates a range from $130 to $350 billion in capital will be needed over the next 20 years to maintain, upgrade and expand the nation''s water and wastewater systems. Traffic Delay Cost Savings Associated with Trenchless Technology -- ASCE Journal of Infrastructure Systems June 1999 Vol. 5 No. 2 Abstract. This paper focuses on trenchless technology cost savings due to elimination of traffic disruptions associated with utility cuts. Typical construction durations and traffic control plans for two lane roads have been utilized to develop equations for calculating traffic disruptions. The results show that as traffic levels increase, the user delay costs can be significant. It is suggested that the methodology presented can enable the decision maker to consider total costs, including user delay costs associated with typical traffic control plans, and that in certain cases this can make trenchless technology the most economic alternative. Transportation Research Board A2K04 Committee (Soil Mechanics) Problem Statements -- Section K - Soil Mechanics A2K04 Committee On Subsurface Soil-Structure Interaction Research Problem Statements. An important function of the Transportation Research Board (TRB) is the stimulation of research toward the solution of problems facing the transportation community. One of the techniques employed by technical committees in support of this function is the identification of problems, and the development and dissemination of research problem statements. The aim of this activity is to provide information to governmental agencies, research institutes, industry, the academic community and others in allocating scarce resources to the solution of transportation problems. Trenchless Rehabilitation of Sewer Pipes -- The U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (CERL) evaluated a technology developed by the United Kingdom''s gas industry for installing pipelines in place of existing, older lines with limited excavation. The pipe insertion method (PIM) technology now extends to sewer pipes, which are larger and buried at greater depths than gas lines. The technology involves destroying the pipe in place and forcing it into the surrounding soil with an impact mole. Equipment can then be used to push and pull a new pipe of high-density polyethylene into the cavity created by the impact mole. The result is a pipe which follows the existing sewage collection route from manhole to manhole. Little disruption to the surface occurs during installation of the pipe. In addition, the new pipe can be up to 50 percent larger in diameter. Other technologies can rehabilitate failed sewer pipes without surface disruption, but only the impact mole increased the pipe size and capacity. New water lines can also be installed using this technique. Trenchless Technology -- One of the biggest problems facing the U.S. today is the rehabilitation of its decaying infrastructure. Utility systems in the underground infrastructure include water and wastewater distribution systems; gas, petroleum and chemical piplines; electrical and communications networks; and accessways and other small diameter tunnels utilized in a variety of applications. Since many of these existing systems are located in congested or urban areas, the conventional installation and rehabilitation methods of open trench construction cause significant disruption of service; destroy parking lots, streets and driveways; disrupt traffic; deface lawns and present unsafe trenches to pedestrians. In addition, they they expose construction workers to unsafe conditions, make clean up of the site difficult and generally produce negative relations with the public. Most of these problems can be eliminated by using trenchless technology, and the job can be performed at the same or lower cost than conventional open-trench operations in many cases. Trenchless Technology Resources on the Internet (Nov. 4th, 1999) -- As more individuals and corporations venture into cyberspace, the opportunities for finding and sharing trenchless technology knowledge are increasing daily. The internet provides near-instantaneous access to a vast amount of trenchless technology information and allows unprecedented communication opportunities with other trenchless technology professionals. On corporate web sites, "targeted marketing" is accomplished by publicly providing all available information in an easily searchable format so that everyone can find exactly what they are looking for. This paper provides an overview of the many trenchless technology resources currently available on the internet. Adobe Acrobat Format Trenchless Technology: Spot Repairs -- Good infrastructure management requires efficient utilization of available resources. Lack of tax dollars, increased environmental regulations, and safety concerns have forced governments to seek alternative methods of constructing and repairing their existing underground assets. In recognition of this need, numerous technologies are being developed. The University of Texas is involved in the evaluation and development of these technologies. In a recent project, supported by the City of Austin and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), four methods were evaluated for spot repair of distressed sewers. Trenchless and Trench Design: Digging Up the Differences - A Discussion by Reynold King Watkins -- In their paper published in the November/December 1996 No-Dig Engineering, D. L. Moody and L. Grant Whittle state, correctly, that pipe-soil interaction is different for trenchless pipe installations and conventional open-cut installations. The design process should reflect those differences. Soil loads on trenchless installations are different from loads on open-cut installations. Ring-deflections of trenchless installations cannot be predicted by the Iowa formula. Trenchless and Trench Design: Digging Up the Differences by D.L. Moody & L. Grant Whittle -- Despite their apparent similarities, trenchless installations are considerably different from that of an open-cut trench. The load-bearing capacity of a consolidated soil-pipe system is much higher than that of a recently back-filled and compacted trench. Yet trenchless projects are being subjected to the design criteria of open-cut trench installations. The objectives of this paper are to show that the theoretical assumptions and compromises made in traditional design methodologies are not appropriate to trenchless design, specifically for liner pipes. The strengths of flexible pipe design were conclusively proven more than 20 years ago. However, the widespread misapplication of open-cut trench methodologies in trenchless design is evidence enough of the need for a renewed discourse on this subject. The biases of the trench need to be uncovered and exposed so that more appropriate methodologies can be implemented in trenchless design. Trenchless verses some trench rehabilitation -- Does the dollar difference in the price of rehabilitation justify total trenchless techniques verses any excavation? Can a sewer system be renewed or rehabilitated without by-pass pumping? Rehabilitation of an existing 24" clay sanitary sewer for the City of Renton, a suburb south of Seattle, was the goal. The sewer lies above the City of Renton''s aquifer, and elimination of all infiltration and exfiltration of this sewer system was the intent. Methods such as cured-in-place-pipe (CIPP), butt fused HDPE or segmented sliplining were all approved options which contractors could utilize on the project. The option, which would not mandate by-pass pumping, also proved to be the most cost-effective during the bidding process, and also proved to be the most user friendly for installation. The contractor, who had not previously used this process, was able to install over 2,350 lf of 21" pipe inside of the existing 24" clay pipe in an 8 hour day from a single pit. This paper will discuss the experiences learned and future trends of sewer rehabilitation. Using Encased Buckling Tests to Better Understand Liner Pipe Behavior and Design (April, 1998) -- In this paper the author will attempt to describe and to provide a theoretical explanation for the apparently non-linear of the pipe / sidewall support system. At the core of the proposed explanation of the data trends is the concept of a "redistribution capacity" for encased flexible pipes, which can be significantly reduced by the influence of imperfections. Furthermore, the author will explore the theoretical implications of the described "redistribution capacity" and its effect upon the liner samples as evidenced in the data from the encased buckling studies. It is hoped that further discussion about and research of such behavioral trends will lead to more accurate long-term design methodologies for flexible pipes provided with sidewall support. WI Laborers Newsletter Training Center: Trenchless Technology -- There is an enormous demand for a skilled workforce in the Trenchless industry and the Laborers International Union of North America (LIUNA) is taking steps to meet that demand. The one week, 40 hour course, Trenchless Pipe Rehabilitation and Remote Camera Operation, provides hands-on training with pipe rehabilitation and camera equipment at the Construction Laborers Training Center in Lino Lakes, Minnesota. WhitePaper:Trenchless Technology: An economical alternative for sewer rehabilitation -- New pipelines may be installed or pipelines may be rehabilitated without the need for cut-and-fill excavation. Trenchless technology can minimize the cost of pipeline construction by avoiding excavation, minimize pedestrian and vehicular disruptions, retain landscaping, and reduce contractor''s liability insurance premiums.
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