Surf these sites: Later Medieval Philosophy -- A study of Duns Scotus, William of Ockham and other fourteenth century philosophers, and of medieval elements in Descartes and other early modern philosophers. Course notes by R.J. Kilcullen. Medieval Philosophy -- Introduction to medieval thought from Boethius to Thomas Aquinas. Course notes by R.J. Kilcullen. Medieval Theories of Conscience -- Through conscience and its related notion, synderesis, human beings discern what is right and wrong. While there are many medieval views about the nature of conscience, most views regard human beings as capable of knowing in general what ought to be done and applying this knowledge through conscience to particular decisions about action. The ability to act on the determinations of conscience is, moreover, tied to the development of the moral virtues, which in turn refines the functions of conscience. Medieval Theories of Modality -- From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Simo Knuuttila. Medieval Theories of Practical Reason -- From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Anthony Celano. Scholasticism -- Introductory essay from the Catholic Encyclopedia.
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